Rankings · technology

Countries by r&d spending

Research and development expenditure as a share of GDP. 84 countries ranked for 2023 (% of GDP).

1Israel6.35 % of GDP

		Value
1	Israel	6.35 % of GDP	+54.5%	=
2	Liechtenstein	6.01 % of GDP	–	–
3	South Korea	4.94 % of GDP	+31.0%	▼ 1
4	Sweden	3.6 % of GDP	+9.8%	▲ 1
5	United States	3.45 % of GDP	+27.8%	▲ 4
6	Japan	3.44 % of GDP	+4.9%	▼ 2
7	Belgium	3.27 % of GDP	+40.9%	▲ 4
8	Austria	3.26 % of GDP	+9.4%	▼ 2
9	Switzerland	3.22 % of GDP	–	–
10	Germany	3.15 % of GDP	+13.3%	▼ 2
11	Finland	3.09 % of GDP	-5.8%	▼ 8
12	Denmark	3.05 % of GDP	+3.0%	▼ 5
13	United Kingdom	2.68 % of GDP	+65.4%	▲ 9
14	Iceland	2.64 % of GDP	+56.2%	▲ 6
15	China	2.58 % of GDP	+31.6%	=
16	Netherlands	2.27 % of GDP	+6.1%	▼ 2
17	France	2.18 % of GDP	-2.2%	▼ 5
18	Slovenia	2.13 % of GDP	-17.8%	▼ 8
19	Norway	1.85 % of GDP	+12.8%	▲ 2
20	Estonia	1.84 % of GDP	+8.2%	▼ 1
21	Czechia	1.83 % of GDP	-2.1%	▼ 4
22	Canada	1.81 % of GDP	+5.8%	▼ 4
23	Portugal	1.69 % of GDP	+28.0%	▲ 2
24	Ireland	1.59 % of GDP	+3.2%	▼ 1
25	Poland	1.56 % of GDP	+77.3%	▲ 8
26	New Zealand	1.55 % of GDP	+34.8%	▲ 4
27	Spain	1.49 % of GDP	+17.3%	=
28	Greece	1.49 % of GDP	+81.7%	▲ 6
29	Turkey	1.42 % of GDP	+75.3%	▲ 7
30	Croatia	1.39 % of GDP	+75.9%	▲ 7
31	Hungary	1.38 % of GDP	+0.0%	▼ 7
32	Italy	1.38 % of GDP	+7.0%	▼ 6
33	Brazil	1.19 % of GDP	-0.8%	▼ 4
34	Hong Kong S.A.R.	1.11 % of GDP	+52.1%	▲ 5
35	Luxembourg	1.07 % of GDP	-13.0%	▼ 7
36	Lithuania	1.05 % of GDP	+10.5%	▼ 4
37	Egypt	1.03 % of GDP	+60.9%	▲ 9
38	Slovakia	1.03 % of GDP	+25.6%	▼ 3
39	Russia	0.94 % of GDP	-8.7%	▼ 8
40	Thailand	0.94 % of GDP	+113.6%	▲ 20
41	Republic of Serbia	0.88 % of GDP	+33.3%	▲ 2
42	Latvia	0.82 % of GDP	+28.1%	▲ 5
43	Kenya	0.8 % of GDP	–	–
44	Bulgaria	0.79 % of GDP	+25.4%	▲ 5
45	Rwanda	0.78 % of GDP	–	–
46	Uruguay	0.7 % of GDP	+141.4%	▲ 25
47	Cyprus	0.68 % of GDP	+41.7%	▲ 8
48	Malta	0.65 % of GDP	-11.0%	▼ 8
49	Argentina	0.6 % of GDP	-3.2%	▲ 1
50	Belarus	0.57 % of GDP	-12.3%	▼ 5
51	Romania	0.52 % of GDP	+33.3%	▲ 12
52	Saudi Arabia	0.49 % of GDP	-38.0%	▼ 14
53	Uganda	0.44 % of GDP	–	–
54	Vietnam	0.41 % of GDP	+36.7%	▲ 16
55	Cuba	0.39 % of GDP	-17.0%	▲ 1
56	Algeria	0.38 % of GDP	–	–
57	Oman	0.38 % of GDP	+153.3%	▲ 25
58	North Macedonia	0.37 % of GDP	-15.9%	=
59	Costa Rica	0.34 % of GDP	-37.0%	▼ 6
60	Ukraine	0.32 % of GDP	-56.2%	▼ 19
61	Macao S.A.R	0.27 % of GDP	+440.0%	▲ 32
62	Mexico	0.27 % of GDP	-34.1%	▼ 1
63	Georgia	0.25 % of GDP	+212.5%	▲ 24
64	Mauritius	0.24 % of GDP	–	–
65	Moldova	0.22 % of GDP	-26.7%	▲ 4
66	Bosnia and Herzegovina	0.19 % of GDP	-40.6%	=
67	Armenia	0.18 % of GDP	-18.2%	▲ 9
68	Azerbaijan	0.18 % of GDP	-14.3%	▲ 9
69	Peru	0.18 % of GDP	+125.0%	▲ 20
70	Pakistan	0.16 % of GDP	-38.5%	▲ 3
71	Panama	0.16 % of GDP	+166.7%	▲ 20
72	Mali	0.15 % of GDP	–	–
73	Kazakhstan	0.14 % of GDP	-17.6%	▲ 6
74	Paraguay	0.14 % of GDP	+100.0%	▲ 16
75	Bhutan	0.11 % of GDP	–	–
76	Uzbekistan	0.11 % of GDP	-31.3%	▲ 4
77	Burkina Faso	0.1 % of GDP	–	–
78	Kuwait	0.1 % of GDP	-66.7%	▼ 10
79	El Salvador	0.1 % of GDP	+66.7%	▲ 13
80	Lesotho	0.09 % of GDP	–	–
81	Turkmenistan	0.09 % of GDP	–	–
82	Kyrgyzstan	0.05 % of GDP	-66.7%	▼ 1
83	Myanmar	0.02 % of GDP	–	–
84	Guatemala	0.01 % of GDP	-75.0%	▲ 11